英语自考语法综合试题及详尽答案

英语自考语法综合试题及详尽答案

一、单选题（每题1分，共10分）

1.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom【答案】B【解析】that引导定语从句，修饰先行词book

2.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoher.A.amB.wereC.beD.is【答案】B【解析】虚拟语气，与现在事实相反时，条件句用过去式

3.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher______satisfiedwiththeresult.A.isB.areC.wasD.were【答案】A【解析】就近原则，谓语动词与离它最近的名词一致

4.______shearrives,wellstartthemeeting.A.AssoonB.UntilC.BeforeD.Unless【答案】C【解析】before表示“在……之前”

5.Theman______Ispoketoyesterdayisafamouswriter.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.with【答案】A【解析】who引导定语从句，修饰先行词man

6.Itsimportantthateveryone______awareoftheenvironmentalproblem.A.isB.beC.areD.were【答案】B【解析】important后接虚拟语气，谓语动词用原形

7.IwishI______moretimetospendwithmyfamily.A.haveB.hadC.havingD.haves【答案】B【解析】wish后接虚拟语气，用过去式表示与现在事实相反

8.______istrue,wemustfacethechallengebravely.A.AsitB.HoweverC.WhateverD.Whateverit【答案】A【解析】asitistrue为固定搭配，意为“事实上”

9.Thecompanydecidedto______itsoperationstoanothercity.A.transferB.transferingC.transferringD.transferred【答案】A【解析】decidetodosth固定搭配

10.Notonly______happybutalsosatisfiedwiththeoutcome.A.shefeltB.didshefeelC.shedoesD.sheis【答案】B【解析】notonly位于句首时，句子部分倒装

二、多选题（每题4分，共20分）

1.Thefollowingsentencesarecorrectintermsofgrammar:A.Heistallerthanme.B.ThisisthemostinterestingbookIhaveeverread.C.Sheisthewomanwholivesnextdoor.D.Idontknowanyonewhodoesntlikeit.E.Theteacherwhotaughtuslastyearisverykind.【答案】A、B、C、D、E【解析】所有选项均为语法正确的句子

2.Thefollowingsentencesrequirecorrection:A.IfIwillgo,Iwillbringmybook.B.Sheismoreintelligentasherbrother.C.ThemanwhichIsawyesterdayismyteacher.D.Theyarehappybecausetheypasstheexam.E.IwishIwereabird.【答案】A、B、C、D【解析】A缺少助动词；B搭配错误；C关系代词错误；D缺少宾语

三、填空题（每题2分，共8分）

1.Thecompanyislookingforsomeone______hasexperienceinmarketing.【答案】who/that（4分）

2.Itisimportantthatwe______takeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.【答案】should（4分）

3.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.【答案】that（4分）

4.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoher.【答案】were（4分）

四、判断题（每题2分，共10分）

1.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.（）【答案】（×）【解析】which不能直接修饰人，应改为who或that

2.IfIamyou,Iwouldapologizetoher.（）【答案】（×）【解析】虚拟语气，条件句用过去式

3.ThemanwhoIspoketoyesterdayisafamouswriter.（）【答案】（√）

4.Itsimportantthateveryoneisawareoftheenvironmentalproblem.（）【答案】（×）【解析】important后接虚拟语气，谓语动词用原形

5.IwishIhavemoretimetospendwithmyfamily.（）【答案】（×）【解析】wish后接虚拟语气，用过去式表示与现在事实相反

五、简答题（每题3分，共12分）

1.Explaintheuseofwhichandthatinrelativeclauses.【答案】Whichisusedtorefertothings,whilethatcanrefertoboththingsandpeople.Forexample:-ThebookwhichIborrowedisinteresting.-ThemanthatIspoketoisfamous.【解析】Which和that在定语从句中的使用区别，which用于指代物，that可用于指代人和物

2.WhatisthestructureofaconditionalsentenceinEnglish【答案】Aconditionalsentenceconsistsofanifclauseandamainclause.Forexample:-Ifitrains,wewillcancelthepicnic.【解析】条件句的结构，包含if从句和主句

3.Howdoyouformapassivevoicesentence【答案】Toformapassivevoicesentence,usetheverbbeplusthepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample:-Thebookwaswrittenbyhim.【解析】被动语态的构成，be动词+动词过去分词

4.Whatisthedifferencebetweenwishandhope【答案】Wishisusedtoexpressadesireforsomethingtobedifferentfromthepresent,whilehopeisusedtoexpressadesireforsomethingtohappeninthefuture.Forexample:-IwishIwereabird.-IhopeIwillpasstheexam.【解析】wish和hope的区别，wish用于与现在事实相反的愿望，hope用于对未来的期望

六、分析题（每题10分，共20分）

1.Analyzethestructureandmeaningofthesentence:Themanwholivesnextdoorisafriendlyperson.【答案】Structure:-Subject:Themanwholivesnextdoor-Predicate:isafriendlypersonMeaning:Thesentencedescribesapersonwholivesnextdoorandisfriendly.Therelativeclausewholivesnextdoormodifiestheman,providingadditionalinformationabouthim.【解析】句子结构分析，主语是themanwholivesnextdoor，谓语是isafriendlyperson，定语从句修饰主语

2.Analyzetheuseofmodalverbsinthefollowingsentences:-Youmustcompletethetaskontime.-Shecouldspeakthreelanguagesfluently.-Hemaybelateforthemeeting.-Weshouldstudyharder.【答案】Youmustcompletethetaskontimeexpressesastrongobligation.Shecouldspeakthreelanguagesfluentlyexpressespastability.Hemaybelateforthemeetingexpressesapossibility.Weshouldstudyharderexpressesasuggestionoradvice.【解析】情态动词在句子中的不同用法，must表示必须，could表示过去能力，may表示可能性，should表示建议

七、综合应用题（每题25分，共50分）

1.Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingdifferentgrammaticalstructures:-ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.-IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologizetoher.-Itisimportantthatwetakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.【答案】ThebookthatIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.WereIyou,Iwouldapologizetoher.Itisimperativethatwetakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.【解析】改写句子，使用不同的语法结构，保持原意不变

2.Writeapassageofabout100wordsusingavarietyofgrammaticalstructures,includingrelativeclauses,passivevoice,andmodalverbs.【答案】Thecompanyislookingforsomeonewhohasexperienceinmarketing.Thepositionrequiresthecandidatetobeabletoworkunderpressureandhandlemultipletaskssimultaneously.Thesuccessfulapplicantwillberesponsiblefordevelopingmarketingstrategiesandimplementingthemeffectively.Youmustcompletetheprojectontime,andweshouldstudythemarketthoroughlytoensureitssuccess.Ifyouareinterested,youmayapplybysendingyourresumetotheHRdepartment.Itisimportantthatyoubedetail-orientedandcreative.【解析】写一篇100字的短文，使用定语从句、被动语态和情态动词，展示不同的语法结构---标准答案

一、单选题

1.B

2.B

3.A

4.C

5.A

6.B

7.B

8.A

9.A

10.B

二、多选题

1.A、B、C、D、E

2.A、B、C、D

三、填空题

1.who/that

2.should

3.that

4.were

四、判断题

1.（×）

2.（×）

3.（√）

4.（×）

5.（×）

五、简答题

1.Whichisusedtorefertothings,whilethatcanrefertoboththingsandpeople.Forexample:-ThebookwhichIborrowedisinteresting.-ThemanthatIspoketoisfamous.

2.Aconditionalsentenceconsistsofanifclauseandamainclause.Forexample:-Ifitrains,wewillcancelthepicnic.

3.Toformapassivevoicesentence,usetheverbbeplusthepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample:-Thebookwaswrittenbyhim.

4.Wishisusedtoexpressadesireforsomethingtobedifferentfromthepresent,whilehopeisusedtoexpressadesireforsomethingtohappeninthefuture.Forexample:-IwishIwereabird.-IhopeIwillpasstheexam.

六、分析题

1.Structure:-Subject:Themanwholivesnextdoor-Predicate:isafriendlypersonMeaning:Thesentencedescribesapersonwholivesnextdoorandisfriendly.Therelativeclausewholivesnextdoormodifiestheman,providingadditionalinformationabouthim.

2.Youmustcompletethetaskontimeexpressesastrongobligation.Shecouldspeakthreelanguagesfluentlyexpressespastability.Hemaybelateforthemeetingexpressesapossibility.Weshouldstudyharderexpressesasuggestionoradvice.

七、综合应用题

1.ThebookthatIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.WereIyou,Iwouldapologizetoher.Itisimperativethatwetakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.

2.Thecompanyislookingforsomeonewhohasexperienceinmarketing.Thepositionrequiresthecandidatetobeabletoworkunderpressureandhandlemultipletaskssimultaneously.Thesuccessfulapplicantwillberesponsiblefordevelopingmarketingstrategiesandimplementingthemeffectively.Youmustcompletetheprojectontime,andweshouldstudythemarketthoroughlytoensureitssuccess.Ifyouareinterested,youmayapplybysendingyourresumetotheHRdepartment.Itisimportantthatyoubedetail-orientedandcreative.。