会计英语翻译考前试题及答案参考

会计英语翻译考前试题及答案参考

一、单选题

1.Whichofthefollowingtermsisusedtodescribetheprocessofrecordingfinancialtransactions（1分）A.AuditingB.BookkeepingC.BudgetingD.Forecasting【答案】B【解析】Bookkeepingreferstotheprocessofrecordingfinancialtransactions.

2.ThetermLiquidityinfinancialaccountingreferstotheabilityofacompanytoconvertitsassetsintocashquickly.（1分）A.TrueB.False【答案】A【解析】Liquiditymeasureshoweasilyassetscanbeconvertedintocashwithoutlosingvalue.

3.Whichfinancialstatementshowsacompanysfinancialpositionataspecificpointintime（1分）A.IncomeStatementB.BalanceSheetC.CashFlowStatementD.ProfitandLossStatement【答案】B【解析】Thebalancesheetprovidesasnapshotofacompanysassets,liabilities,andequityataspecifictime.

4.Theaccountingprinciplethatrequirestransactionstoberecordedintheperiodinwhichtheyoccurisknownasthematchingprinciple.（1分）A.TrueB.False【答案】B【解析】Theprinciplethatrequirestransactionstoberecordedintheperiodtheyoccuriscalledtheaccrualbasis.

5.Accountsreceivablereferstothemoneyowedtoacompanybyitscustomers.（1分）A.TrueB.False【答案】A【解析】Accountsreceivableareamountsowedbycustomersforgoodsorservicesprovidedoncredit.

6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTapartoftheGenerallyAcceptedAccountingPrinciplesGAAP（1分）A.RevenueRecognitionPrincipleB.MatchingPrincipleC.Double-EntrySystemD.CashBasisAccounting【答案】D【解析】GAAPincludestherevenuerecognitionprinciple,matchingprinciple,anddouble-entrysystem,butnotcashbasisaccounting.

7.Theprocessofidentifying,measuring,andcommunicatingfinancialinformationisknownasfinancialreporting.（1分）A.TrueB.False【答案】A【解析】Financialreportinginvolvesidentifying,measuring,andcommunicatingfinancialinformationtostakeholders.

8.Depreciationisanaccountingmethodusedtoallocatethecostofatangibleassetoveritsusefullife.（1分）A.TrueB.False【答案】A【解析】Depreciationisusedtospreadthecostofatangibleassetoveritsusefullife.

9.Thetermcurrentassetsincludescash,accountsreceivable,andinventory.（1分）A.TrueB.False【答案】A【解析】Currentassetsareassetsthatcanbeconvertedintocashwithinoneyear,includingcash,accountsreceivable,andinventory.

10.EarningspershareEPSiscalculatedbydividingthecompanysnetincomebythenumberofoutstandingshares.（1分）A.TrueB.False【答案】A【解析】EarningspershareEPSiscalculatedbydividingnetincomebythenumberofoutstandingshares.

二、多选题（每题4分，共20分）

1.Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofthebalancesheet（）A.AssetsB.LiabilitiesC.EquityD.RevenueE.Expenses【答案】A、B、C【解析】Thebalancesheetconsistsofassets,liabilities,andequity.Revenueandexpensesarecomponentsoftheincomestatement.

2.Thefollowingaremethodsofinternalcontrolinaccounting:（）A.SegregationofdutiesB.PhysicalcontrolsC.RegularreconciliationsD.EmployeetrainingE.Externalaudits【答案】A、B、C、D【解析】Internalcontrolsincludesegregationofduties,physicalcontrols,regularreconciliations,andemployeetraining.Externalauditsareexternalcontrols.

3.Whichofthefollowingfinancialratiosareusedtoassessacompanysliquidity（）A.CurrentratioB.QuickratioC.Debt-to-equityratioD.ReturnonequityE.Grossprofitmargin【答案】A、B【解析】Liquidityratiosincludethecurrentratioandquickratio.Debt-to-equityratio,returnonequity,andgrossprofitmarginarenotliquidityratios.

4.Thefollowingarecommonaccountingterms:（）A.AccrualbasisB.CashbasisC.BookvalueD.MarketvalueE.Depreciation【答案】A、B、C、D、E【解析】Allthelistedtermsarecommoninaccounting:accrualbasis,cashbasis,bookvalue,marketvalue,anddepreciation.

5.Thefollowingarestepsintheaccountingcycle:（）A.JournalizingtransactionsB.PostingtotheledgerC.PreparingfinancialstatementsD.AdjustingentriesE.Closingentries【答案】A、B、C、D、E【解析】Theaccountingcycleincludesjournalizingtransactions,postingtotheledger,preparingfinancialstatements,adjustingentries,andclosingentries.

三、填空题

1.Theprocessofrecordingfinancialtransactionsinajournaliscalled______.（4分）【答案】Journalizing

2.Thefinancialstatementthatshowsacompanysrevenuesandexpensesoveraperiodisthe______.（4分）【答案】IncomeStatement

3.Theratioofcurrentassetstocurrentliabilitiesisknownasthe______.（4分）【答案】CurrentRatio

4.Theprocessofallocatingthecostofanassetoveritsusefullifeiscalled______.（4分）【答案】Depreciation

5.Thefinancialstatementthatshowsacompanyscashinflowsandoutflowsoveraperiodisthe______.（4分）【答案】CashFlowStatement

四、判断题

1.TheaccountingequationisAssets=Liabilities+Equity.（2分）【答案】（√）【解析】Theaccountingequationstatesthatacompanysassetsareequaltoitsliabilitiesplusequity.

2.Thetermaccrualbasisreferstorecordingtransactionswhencashisreceivedorpaid.（2分）【答案】（×）【解析】Theaccrualbasisrecordstransactionswhentheyoccur,notwhencashisreceivedorpaid.

3.Thebalancesheetprovidesinformationaboutacompanysprofitability.（2分）【答案】（×）【解析】Thebalancesheetprovidesinformationaboutacompanysfinancialposition,notprofitability.Profitabilityisshownintheincomestatement.

4.Depreciationisanon-cashexpense.（2分）【答案】（√）【解析】Depreciationisanon-cashexpensethatallocatesthecostofanassetoveritsusefullife.

5.Thecurrentratioisameasureofacompanysliquidity.（2分）【答案】（√）【解析】Thecurrentratiomeasuresacompanysabilitytomeetitsshort-termobligationsbycomparingcurrentassetstocurrentliabilities.

五、简答题

1.Whatisthedifferencebetweentheaccrualbasisandthecashbasisofaccounting（5分）【答案】Theaccrualbasisofaccountingrecordstransactionswhentheyoccur,regardlessofwhencashisreceivedorpaid.Thismethodprovidesamoreaccuratepictureofacompanysfinancialperformanceandposition.Incontrast,thecashbasisrecordstransactionsonlywhencashisreceivedorpaid.Thecashbasisissimplerbutmaynotaccuratelyreflectacompanysfinancialhealth.

2.Explainthepurposeoftheaccountingcycle.（5分）【答案】Theaccountingcycleisaseriesofstepsthatbusinessesfollowtorecord,classify,andsummarizefinancialtransactions.Itspurposeistoensurethatallfinancialinformationisaccuratelyrecordedandreportedinthefinancialstatements.Thestepsincludejournalizingtransactions,postingtotheledger,preparingfinancialstatements,adjustingentries,andclosingentries.Thisprocesshelpsinmaintainingaccuratefinancialrecordsandpreparingfinancialstatementsthatprovidevaluableinformationtostakeholders.

六、分析题

1.AcompanyhasthefollowingfinancialdatafortheyearendedDecember31,2023:-Totalassets:$500,000-Totalliabilities:$200,000-Totalequity:$300,000-Netincomefortheyear:$50,000-Numberofoutstandingshares:20,000Calculatethefollowingfinancialratios:a.Currentratiob.Debt-to-equityratioc.EarningspershareEPSd.ReturnonequityROE）（10分）【答案】a.CurrentRatio:CurrentRatio=CurrentAssets/CurrentLiabilitiesSincetheproblemdoesnotprovidespecificfiguresforcurrentassetsandcurrentliabilities,wecannotcalculatethecurrentratio.b.Debt-to-EquityRatio:Debt-to-EquityRatio=TotalLiabilities/TotalEquityDebt-to-EquityRatio=$200,000/$300,000=

0.67c.EarningsPerShareEPS:EPS=NetIncome/NumberofOutstandingSharesEPS=$50,000/20,000=$

2.50d.ReturnonEquityROE:ROE=NetIncome/TotalEquityROE=$50,000/$300,000=

0.1667or

16.67%

七、综合应用题

1.Acompanypurchasedamachinefor$100,000onJanuary1,

2023.Themachinehasanestimatedusefullifeof5yearsandnosalvagevalue.Thecompanyusesthestraight-linemethodofdepreciation.Preparethefollowing:a.Thejournalentrytorecordthepurchaseofthemachine.b.Thejournalentrytorecordtheannualdepreciationexpense.c.ThejournalentrytorecordthesaleofthemachineonDecember31,2027,for$40,000cash.（25分）【答案】a.JournalEntrytoRecordthePurchaseoftheMachine:DateAccountTitlesandExplanationDebitCreditJan1,2023Machine$100,000Cash$100,000b.JournalEntrytoRecordtheAnnualDepreciationExpense:AnnualDepreciationExpense=Cost/UsefulLifeAnnualDepreciationExpense=$100,000/5=$20,000DateAccountTitlesandExplanationDebitCreditDec31,2023DepreciationExpense$20,000AccumulatedDepreciation-Machine$20,000c.JournalEntrytoRecordtheSaleoftheMachine:BookValueoftheMachineonDecember31,2027:BookValue=Cost-AccumulatedDepreciationAccumulatedDepreciation=AnnualDepreciationExpense×5yearsAccumulatedDepreciation=$20,000×5=$100,000BookValue=$100,000-$100,000=$0LossonSale=BookValue-SalePriceLossonSale=$0-$40,000=$40,000DateAccountTitlesandExplanationDebitCreditDec31,2027Cash$40,000AccumulatedDepreciation-Machine$100,000LossonSaleofMachine$40,000Machine$100,000AnswerKey

一、单选题

1.B

2.A

3.B

4.B

5.A

6.D

7.A

8.A

9.A

10.A

二、多选题

1.A、B、C

2.A、B、C、D

3.A、B

4.A、B、C、D、E

5.A、B、C、D、E

三、填空题

1.Journalizing

2.IncomeStatement

3.CurrentRatio

4.Depreciation

5.CashFlowStatement

四、判断题

1.√

2.×

3.×

4.√

5.√

五、简答题

1.Theaccrualbasisrecordstransactionswhentheyoccur,regardlessofwhencashisreceivedorpaid.Thismethodprovidesamoreaccuratepictureofacompanysfinancialperformanceandposition.Incontrast,thecashbasisrecordstransactionsonlywhencashisreceivedorpaid.Thecashbasisissimplerbutmaynotaccuratelyreflectacompanysfinancialhealth.

2.Theaccountingcycleisaseriesofstepsthatbusinessesfollowtorecord,classify,andsummarizefinancialtransactions.Itspurposeistoensurethatallfinancialinformationisaccuratelyrecordedandreportedinthefinancialstatements.Thestepsincludejournalizingtransactions,postingtotheledger,preparingfinancialstatements,adjustingentries,andclosingentries.Thisprocesshelpsinmaintainingaccuratefinancialrecordsandpreparingfinancialstatementsthatprovidevaluableinformationtostakeholders.

六、分析题

1.a.CurrentRatio:Cannotbecalculatedwithoutspecificfiguresforcurrentassetsandcurrentliabilities.b.Debt-to-EquityRatio:

0.67c.EarningsPerShareEPS:$

2.50d.ReturnonEquityROE:

16.67%

七、综合应用题a.Machine:$100,000,Cash:$100,000b.DepreciationExpense:$20,000,AccumulatedDepreciation-Machine:$20,000c.Cash:$40,000,AccumulatedDepreciation-Machine:$100,000,LossonSaleofMachine:$40,000,Machine:$100,000。