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牛津译林版初中英语八年级下册（全册）知识点归纳目录Module1Travel in time andspaceUnit1Past andpresentUnit2TravellingUnit3Online toursUnit4A goodreadModule2Rights andresponsibilitiesUnit5Good mannersUnit6Sunshine forallUnit7International charitiesUnit8A greenworldModule1Travel intime andspaceUnit1Past andpresent
一、重点词汇过去常常做某事（否定形式）
1.used to do sth.usednt to do/didnt useto doHeused toplay footballafter school.污染（污染；受污染的）
2.pollution n.pollute v.polluted adj,
四、语法重点动词不定式作宾语
1.常见动词want,hope,decide,plan,agree,refuseI wantto visitthe GreatWall.形容词短语
2.be ableto do sth.,be afraidof,be proud of,be sorryfor
五、话题写作主题志愿者活动的意义结构帮助他人、提升自我、营造社会氛围示例Volunteer workis meaningful.It helpsthose inneed,such asdisabled peopleor poorchildren.At thesame time,volunteers canlearn newskills andgain happiness.It alsomakesour societymore harmonious.Unit7International charities
一、重点词汇买得起；承担得起（）
1.afford v.afford to do sth.They cantafford tobuy ahouse.
3.medicine n.take medicine
4.treatv.治疗；对待（treatment n.治疗）The doctortreated himwith anew method.
二、重点短语建立（）
1.set up=foundThey set up aschool forpoor children.继续做某事
2.carry onwith sth.分发（）
3.hand out=give out
5.in orderto do sth.
三、重点句型
2.Its+adj.+thatIts necessarythat weprotect theenvironment.
四、语法重点.被动语态（一般过去时）1结构过去分词was/were+The charitywas setup in
2000.状语从句
2.目的状语从句（后接从句）so that,in orderthatHe studieshard sothat hecan entera goodschool.结果状语从句:so...that...,such...that...He is so kindthat everyonelikes him.
五、话题写作主题我最敬佩的国际慈善机构结构机构名称、成立时间、宗旨、主要活动、个人感受示例I admireUNICEF most.It wassetupin1946to helpchildren inpoor countries.Itprovides food,education andmedical carefor millionsof children.I thinktheir workis greatandhope morepeople cansupport them.Unit8A greenworld
一、重点词汇减少（减少）
1.reduce v.reduction n.We shouldreduce waste.
2.recyclev.回收利用（recycling n.回收）
4.wisely adv.wise adj.We shoulduse moneywisely.
二、重点短语关闭（电源、水源等）；打开
1.turn offturn on节约能源
2.save energy依靠；取决于
3.depend onOursuccess dependson hardwork.扔掉
4.throw away砍伐；削减
5.cut down
三、重点句型我们应该做某事
1.We should/ought to do sth.We shouldplant moretrees.做某事是我们的责任
2.Ws ourduty to do sth.Its ourduty toprotect theenvironment.（强调动作的性质）
3.If s+adj.+for sb.to do sth.Its importantfbr usto save electricity.（两者都……,连接并列主语时谓语用复数）
4.Both...and…Both myparents andI careabout environmentalprotection.
四、语法重点.被动语态（含情态动词）1结构情态动词过去分词+be+（垃圾必须扔进垃圾桶）Rubbish mustbe throwninto bins.（旧衣服可以回收吗）Can oldclothes berecycled并列复合句
2.由并列连词（）连接两个独立分句and,but,or,soWe shouldsave water,and we can reuseit forwatering plants.Hurry up,or you9!!be late.（祈使句+or+陈述句，表否则）
五、话题写作主题如何成为环保小卫士结构日常生活中的具体行动（节约资源、垃圾分类、绿色出行等）+呼吁示例To bea greenguard,wecantake manysmall steps.First,turn offlights whenleavingrooms tosaveelectricity.Second,separate rubbishinto differentbins forrecycling.Third,ridebikes ortake publictransport insteadof driving.Every smallaction counts.Lets worktogetherto protectour planet.模块语法总结
一、时态现在完成时般过去时VS.现在完成时一般过去时动作发生在过去，对现在有影响螃续到现在动作发生在过去，与现在无关时间状语already,yet,for,sine涛时间状语yesterday,ago,in202蹲He hasfinished hishomework.（已完成，现在可以玩）He finishedhis homeworkat8pm.（强调过去时间£
二、被动语态结构
1.一般现在时过去分词am/is/are+一般过去时过去分词was/were+含情态动词情态动词过去分词+be+用法
2.不知道或不必提及动作执行者时The bookwas writtenin
2023.强调动作承受者时Children shouldbe takencare of.
三、非谓语动词.动名词（作宾语）1常见动词enjoy,mind,practice,suggest,finishShe enjoysdrawing..动词不定式（作宾语/宾补）2作宾语want,hope,decide,planII planto travelabroad.作宾补ask,tell,want,allowThe teachertold usto studyhard.模块话题写作汇总
一、时空旅行Module1核心话题家乡变化、旅行经历、在线旅游写作策略对比过去与现在（时间线索）；按时间顺序描述旅行过程；分点论述在线旅游的利弊
二、权利与责任Module2核心话题礼仪规范、志愿者活动、国际慈善、环保行动写作策略分场景（公共场所、校园、家庭）列举礼仪；结合具体事例说明志愿者活动的意义；用数据或具体行动（如垃圾分类）支撑环保观点综合复习建议.词汇积累1整理各单元“动词+介词”短语（如）通过例句记忆搭配deal with,depend on,注意同根词转换（如）强化词性运用pollute—■pollution-polluted,语法突破
2.用表格对比易混淆时态（如现在完成时与一般过去时）、语态（主动被动）vs.针对非谓语动词（动名词/不定式），整理常见动词搭配并造句练习写作提升
3.每类话题背诵篇范文，提炼结构模板（如“总分总”）12替换范文中的关键词，进行同类话题仿写（如将“家乡变化改为“学校变化”）真题演练；
4.选取历年中考真题中的阅读理解（环保、慈善等主题），训练信息提取能力完成语法填空和句型转换练习，强化时态、语态及非谓语动词的应用附录不规则动词表（八年级下册重点）原形过去分词含义（位于/躺）lie laylainwear woreworn选择choose chosechosen打破break brokebroken群fall fellfallen上升rise roserisen
3.realizev.意识到；实现（realization n.领悟）I realizethe importanceof learningEnglish.改进（改进）
4.improve v.improvement n.孤独的（强调情感）；独自的（强调状态）
5.lonely adj.alone adj./adv.The oldmanfeels lonelyalthough helives alone.
二、重点短语多年来
1.over theyears变成
2.turn intoThesmall villagehas turnedinto amodern town.有时
3.from timeto time=sometimes在某些方面
4.in someways与某人交朋友
5.make friendswith sb.
三、重点句型现在完成时与一般过去时对比
1.（现在完成时，强调持续影响）I havelived heresince
2010.II livedhere fiveyears（一般过去时，强调过去动作）感叹句结构ago.
2.（可数名词单数）What abeautiful park!What+a/an+adj.+How fasthe runs!（）How+adj./adv.
四、语法重点.现在完成时1构成过去分词have/has+用法:过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响（常与等连用）already,yet,just过去动作持续到现在（常与等连用）for,since常见时间状语so far,in thepast/last fewyears,ever,nevero短暂性动词与延续性动词转换
2.一一一一buy have;borrow keep;leave beaway;die bedead（不能用）He haskept thebook fortwo weeks.borrow
五、话题写作主题家乡的变化结构过去现在（环境、交通、生活等方面对比）VS.示例My hometownhas changeda lot.In thepast,there weresmall housesand narrowroads.Now,tall buildingsand widestreets canbe seeneverywhere.Peoples livesaremuch betterthan before.Unit2Travelling
一、重点词汇令人愉快的（指物）；高兴的（指人）
1.pleasant adj.pleased adj.We hada pleasanttrip./She ispleased withthe result.魔法；神奇的（有魔力的）
2.magic n.adj.magical adj.
3.sights n.风景（=scenery）；view指从某处看到的景色
二、重点短语去过某地（已返回）；去了某地（未返回）
1.have beento havegone toHehas beento Beijingtwice.AVhere isTom Hehas goneto thelibrary.直飞某地
2.take adirect flightto例如（列举同类事物，后接名词/动名词）
3.such as迫不及待做某事
4.cant waitto dosth.在整个旅程中
5.during thewhole trip
三、重点句型
1.Its+adj.+to dosth.Its excitingto travelabroad.
四、语法重点.现在完成时（续）1区分（去过）（待在某地）have beento vs.have been inHe hasbeeninShanghai forthree days.复合不定代词
2.等，形容词后置something,anything,nothing,someone,anyoneI havesomething importantto tellyou.
五、话题写作主题一次难忘的旅行结构时间、地点、行程、感受示例Last summer,I wentto Hainanwith myfamily.We visitedthe beach,swam in the seaandtried deliciousseafood.It wasan unforgettableexperience.Unit3Online tours
一、重点词汇搜索（寻找）
1.search v./n.search forHeis searchingfor informationon theInternet.
2.lie v.位于；躺（过去式lay；过去分词lain）；n.谎言（tell alie撒谎）The citylies in the southof China.成千上万的（模糊数字，前不加具体数词）
3.thousands ofThousandsof visitorscome hereevery year.放松（令人放松的;感到放松的）
4.relax v.relaxing adj.relaxed adj.Listening tomusic isrelaxing./I feelrelaxed afterthe trip.
二、重点短语在电脑上
1.on thecomputer
5.dream of/about doingsth.
三、重点句型你介意做某事吗？
1.Would youmind doingsth.（回答）Would youmind closingthe windowNot at all./Of coursenot.该做某事了
2.Its timetodosth.Its timeto haveclass.
四、语法重点一般现在时的被动语态
1.结构过去分词am/is/are+The book is written by MoYan.疑问词+不定式
2.I dontknow whattodo./Can youtell mehow toget there
五、话题写作主题在线旅游的利弊结构优势（方便、低成本）；劣势（缺乏真实体验）；总结看法示例Online toursare convenientand cheap.You canvisit placesaround theworld withoutleavinghome.However,they cantreplace realtravel.I preferto travelin personto feeltheculture andscenery.Unit4A goodread
一、重点词汇知识（不可数，一条知识）
1.knowledge n.a pieceof knowledge复习；评论（评论家）
2.review v./n.reviewer n.I needto reviewfor the exam./He wrotea reviewof thebook.
3.succeed v.成功（success n・成功;successful adj.成功的;successfully adv.成功地）He succeededin passingtheexam.
4.managev.管理；设法完成（manageto dosth.设法做成某事）He managedto solvethe problem.
二、重点短语处理（常与连用）；处理（常与连用）
1.do withwhat dealwith howWhatshould Ido withthe oldbooks/How doyou dealwith stress去旅行
2.go ona trip在某人空闲时间
3.in onesspare time
5.atatime
三、重点句型更喜欢做某事
1.prefer doing/todosth.I preferreading/to readinthelibrary.
四、语法重点.情态动词1（必须）、（应该）、（能够）、（可以）的用法及否定形must shouldcan may式（禁止）You mustntsmoke here.动名词作宾语
2.常见动词enjoy,finish,mind,practice,suggestShe enjoysreading novels.
五、话题写作主题我最爱的一本书结构书名、作者、内容简介、喜爱原因示例My favoritebookisHarry Potter.It waswrittenbyJ.K.Rowling.The storyis aboutaboy whodiscovers heis awizard andstudies atHogwarts.I loveit becausethe magicworldis fullof adventureand friendship.Module2Rights andresponsibilitiesUnit5Good manners
一、重点词汇恰当的（恰当地）L properadj.properly adv.Its importantto behaveproperly inpublic.排队（排队等候某物）
2.queue v.queue forsth.阻止（）
3.prevent v.prevent sb.from doingsth.=stop sb.from doingsth.We shouldprevent childrenfrom playingwith fire.指示；教导（指示；说明）
4.instruct v.instruction n.Follow theinstructions onthe box.
二、重点短语与某人握手
1.shake handswith sb.（）插嘴；打断
2.cut inon sb./sth.也（用于句末，无需逗号）
3.as well叩保持安静
4.ke quiet准时；及时
5.on timeintime
三、重点句型（）
1.Its+adj.+fbr/of sb.+todosth.（描述人的品质用）Its politeof youto helpothers,adj.of（描述事物用）Ifs importantfbr usto learnEnglish,adj.for（）你能（不）做某事吗？
2.Would youplease notdosth.Would youplease turndown themusic
四、语法重点.祈使句1肯定形式动词原形开头Open thedoor,please.否定形式Don5t+动词原形Dont runinthehallways.频度副词
2.的位置（实义动词前，动词/always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never be助动词后）He alwaysgets upearly.
五、话题写作主题中学生应具备的礼仪结构公共场所、校园、家庭中的礼仪要求示例:As middleschool students,we shouldhave goodmanners.In public,we shouldqueuepolitely andkeep quiet.At school,we shouldgreet teachersand getalong wellwithclassmates.At home,we shouldhelp parentswith housework.Unit6Sunshine forall
一、重点词汇期待（期待做某事；期待某人做
1.expect v.expect todosth.expect sb.todosth.某事）I expectto seeyou soon.实现（成翦）
2.achieve v.achievement n.tHe achievedhis dreamof becominga doctor.必要的（反义词）
3.necessary adj.unnecessaryIts necessaryto learna foreignlanguage.
4.volunteern.志愿者；v.自愿（volunteerto dosth.自愿做某事）She volunteersto helpthe old.
二、重点短语伸出援助之手
1.give ahelping hand
4.in onesdaily life天生具有
5.be bornwith
三、重点句型轮到某人做某事
1.Ifs onesturn todosth.Its yourturn toclean theclassroom.（）怎么了？
2.Whats thematter withsb./sth.Whats thematter withyour bike。
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