it-one-that作指代的区别

I.it/one/that三者均可用作代词，指代前面提到的名词一般说来，it指代同名同物;one与that则指代同名异物（该句中就是指前面的）I havelost myumbrella;Fm lookingfor it.it myumbrella（在该句中表泛指，因为已经丢了）I havelost myumbrella;I thinkI mustbuy one.one myumbrella（替代词在该句中特指The umbrellayou boughtis cheaperthan that I bought.that“the umbrellaI bought”,以区另「）the umbrellayou bought”II.one与that虽可用来指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a/an+名词；that为特指，相当于+名词所以所指代的名词的修饰语一般为所指代的名词的修饰the nea/an/some/any;that语往往是the/this/thato（该句中可以换成）A chairmade ofsteel isstronger thanone madeof wood.one achair（该句中可以换成）The waterin thecup ishotter thanthat in the pot.that thewaterTIL one只能代替可数名词单数，代替可数名词复数时用ones;that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数，代替可数名词复数时用those0（代替可数名词单数）I likethis penmore thanthat one.one pen（代替可数名词复数）There werea fewyoung peopleand someolder onesin thehouse.ones people（代替不可数名词）Marys handwritingis farbetter thanthat ofPeter,that handwriting（代替可数名词复数）These picturesare morebeautiful thanthose.those picturesIV.one既可代替事物，也可代替人，that只能代替事物而不能代替人有时可以用the one或the代替或ones thatthoseo（该句中代替事物,并且也可以用）The one/That onthe tableis mine.The oneThat（该句中代替人，不能用）He isthe teacher,the one who isloved bythe students.the onethat（该句中He advisedthe farmersto choosethe bestseed-heads,the ones/those thathad thebest color.the代替事物,并且也可以用）ones thoseV.one一般有前置修饰语，有时也可有后置修饰语或不用修饰语而that不能有前置修饰语,但可有后置修饰语Cook wasa strictbut goodcaptain,onewhotook goodcare ofhis sailors.The waterinthewell iscleaner thanthat inthe river.VI.it可以替代句中的不定式或从句等,充当形式主语或形式宾语one与that均无此用法It isknown toeverybody thatthe moontravels aroundthe earthonce everymonth.I foundit hardto get on withher.VII.it与that均可以替代上文全句的内容或部分内容，而one/ones则不可以（代替第一分句）He hassaved mylife;Fil neverforget it.it（代替前面分句的部分内容Tom ispainting hishouse.1am toldhe doesit everyfour years,it paintinghis）house（代替前面表Lets saywe meethere atthree oclock.That oughtto giveyou timeto buyeverything.That述的内容）［相关练习］

1.Mr Zhanggave thetextbooks toall thepupils exceptwho hadalready takenthem.A.the onesB.ones C.some D.the others

1.1find easyenough togetonwith Pam.A.that B.this C.one D.it

3.If Ican stopher comingto you,I shalldo.A.those B.which C.these D.it

4.1havent apen.Can youlend meA.these B.those C.them D.one

5.is necessarythatIget thetext ofmy revisiontyped.A.There B.This C.That D.It

6.1took fbrgranted thatyou wouldstay withus.A.it B.that C.these D.them

7.Of allmy oldfriends,the only1saw muchof wasBetty.A.it B.that C.one D.thisKey:1—8ADDDDAC。