还剩4页未读，继续阅读
文本内容:
Unit5The RealTruth aboutLiesKey to the ExercisesTextcomprehensionI.Decide whichof the following bestsums upthe argumentof the passage.CIL Judge,according tothe text,whether thefollowing statementsare trueor false.
1.T Refer to Paragraph
3.It istrue thatwomen telllies becausethey careabout others1feelings,and menare moreselfish;they telllies generallyfor self-promoting purposes.
2.TRefer to Paragraph
5.
3.T Refer to Paragraph
6.
4.F Refer to Paragraph
12.Even seeminglyharmless falsehoods,or white lies,can haveunforeseenconsequences.
5.F Refer toParagraph
16.There arestill occasionswhere lies are acceptable.III.Answer thefollowing questions.
1.Refer toParagraphs2-
5.Professor DePaulosstudy suggeststhat lyingis acommonphenomenon andmost of the lieswe tell are smalland insignificant.Meanwhile,as shepointsout,it iscommon thatpeople takelies lightly:their lieshave causedthem littlepreoccupationor regret.
2.RefertoParagraph
3.According tothe passage,the purposeof tellinglies orwhite liesvaries:women telllies according totheprinciple ofcaring,or tospare othersfeelings,and mentelllies basicallyfor utilitarianself-promoting purposes.
3.RefertoParagraphs7-
10.The storyof Tomsupports theargument thatlittle whitelies areubiquitous,and peoplehave takensuch liesfor granted,believing that they arewell-intended.When heconsulted withMichael Josephson,the replyis verynegative:his mother-in-law mayfeelhurt whenshe discoversthe deceitsome day.Or evenworse,she mayquestion:And whatelsehave youlied tome aboutnIn short,such whitelies mayproduce mistrustamong people.
4.RefertoParagraphs12-
15.The consequencesof lyingare three-fold:the deceivedmay feelcheatedand wonttrust the liar anymore;the liarwill losetrust andget entangledin thelies hefabricates;and,if liesproliferate endlessly,society as a wholewould falterand collapseas trustisdamaged ordestroyed.
5.RefertoParagraph
16.Not allwhiteliesare unacceptable.Some falsehoodslike settingsomebodyup fora surpriseparty ortelling childrenabout thetooth fairycan bejustified.However,you haveto considerthe attitudeof thedeceived towardslying and the consequences,i.e.whether youract willundermine histrust inyou.IV.Explain inyour ownwords thefollowing sentences.
1.When westart totellalie,we haveentered avery intricatesituation,as alie oftenrequiresfurther liesuntil thewhole structureof liesbecomes socomplex thatit ensnarestheliar.
2.One is less inhibitedfrom lying;his abilityto makemoral rightand wrongjudgments isdulled,and hemay becomeless cautiousagainst beingcaught.
3.The mostunderstandable andacceptable liesare thosewhich aretold forthe sakeof loveandcare atthe expenseof trust,according tothe ethicists.Structural analysisof thetextParagraphs12-15:the consequencesof tellingliesParagraphs16-18:which liesto beavoidedRhetorical featuresof thetextExample1:20,000middle-and high-schoolers weresurveyed bythe JosephsonInstitute ofEthics—a nonprofitorganization inMarina delRey,California.Paragraph5Example2:Philosopher SisselaBok warnsus that...Paragraph12I.Explain theunderlined partin each sentence inyour ownwords.
1.very important/shocking/traumatic
2.avoid hurtingthe othersfeelings/avoid doingsomething thatwould upsetthe otherVocabularyexercisesperson
3.telling the truth with a favorableemphasis orslant/modifying thetruth
4.a courseof actionwhich caneasily leadto somethingunacceptable,wrong,or disastrous
5.under anycircumstances/whatever mighthappenSome similarexpressions:at anycost,whatever thecostform.
1.supportive
2.perceived
3.prevarication
4.astounded
5.undermine
6.faltered
7.fibs
8.volunteeredIL Fill in the blank in each sentence withaword takenfrom the box inits appropriateIII.Fill in the blankswith theappropriate forms of thegiven words.
1.unethical
2.feigned
3.unsparing
4.cynical
5.confoundedly
6.lubricated
7.entangled
8.WillfulIV.Fillintheblank in eachsentencewithan appropriatephrasal verbor collocationtakenfrom thetext.
1.cover up
2.blurted out
3.set up
4.find out
5.wear/wore down
6.specializes in
7.professes to
8.complimented...onV.Give asynonym oran antonymoftheword underlinedin eachsentence inthe senseit isused.
1.Synonym:evasion equivocation
2.Synonym:chronic repeated
3.Synonym:common prevalent,omnipresent
4.Antonym:slightly
5.Antonym:insult reproach,criticize
6.Synonym:distort
7.Synonym:growth multiplication
8.Antonym:strengthened consolidatedVI.Explain theunderlined phrasalverbs inyour ownwords.
1.cancelled
2.overcome
3.follow
4.fell into
5.make itmore acceptable
6.feel unhappyabout
7.removed fromconsideration
8.reserve forfuture useGrammarexercises
1.Identify themeaning ofthe wordsin italics.
1.probability
2.possibility
3.intention
4.possibility
5.necessity
6.possibility
7.obligation
8.probabilityIL Completeeachsentencewith whatyou thinkthe mostappropriate ofthe fourchoices given.
1.C
2.C We dont usemay/might in a questionwhen theyrefer topossibility.
3.B Shouldis usedafter ifto suggesta lessstrong possibility.
4.A Idon!t thinkhe could have beenthere=I dontthink itspossible thathe wasthere.
5.D Wonthere suggestsrefusal.
6.B Ina requestfor permission,the speakeruses the past modalto showpoliteness.
7.B
8.B Couldrefers toa generalability inthepastwhile wasable torefers toa singleachievementinthepast.
9.A Dareis usedasalexical verbin thissentence.It canbe followedby aninfinitive eitherwithor withoutto.
10.AIII.Rewrite the sentences belowusing thewords andphrases fromthebox.
1.He canthave toldus everything.
2.Something musthave gonewrong.
3.She cantbe onlythirty yearsold.
4.They maynot knowyet.
5.The roadcould/may havebeen closed.
6.The policemust knowthat.
7.There may/couldhavebeen atraffic jam.Wedontuse can+have doneinapositive statement.
8.The lettercould/may arrivetoday.
9.That will/must bemy mother.
10.There shouldbe timeto dosome shopping.IV.Rewrite thefollowing sentences,using verblessclauses.
1.When indoubt,tell thetruth.It willconfound yourenemies andastound yourfriends.
2.When heated,metal expands.
3.If true,it willcause usa lotof trouble.
4.Whenever possible,they shouldbe typed.
5.When inRome,do asthe Romansdo.
6.Send thegoods now,if ready.
7.If necessary,ring meat home.
8.He glancedabout asif insearch ofsomething.V.Complete thesentences withthe properformsofthe verbsgiven.
1.discussing,having reached
2.paying
3.Lying,sitting
4.to pacify,to bepacified,grumbling
5.repeat,to make,to do
6.going,stay
7.to see,to avoid,hitting
8.to arrive,rising
9.doing
10.to make,to seeVI.Make sentencesof yourown afterthesentencesgiven below,keeping theitalicized partsinyour sentences.
1.Youre allput intodifferent groupsaccordingtoyour ability.According tomy dictionary,there areseveral meaningsfor thatword.
2.Whether youlike itor not,its goingto happen.They willleave whetheryou agreeor not.Translation exercises
1.Translate thefollowing sentences into Chinese.最惊人的是，这些撒了数以千计谎言的人声称，欺骗行为并没有让他们十分“纠结或愧疚”
1.尽管如此，的参加者称“对自己的道德和人品还是感到满意”
2.91%毫无疑问，这些“善意的谎言”于他人无害且初衷良好，是不可缺少的社交润滑剂
3.
4.如果你没有把握，马克・吐温给过我们一条经验法则“拿不准的时候，就实话实说实话会迷惑敌人，震惊朋友”IL Translate thefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,using thewords andphrases giveninbrackets.
1.Hamlet feignedmadness whenhe washesitating whatto do.
2.Prevarication isone ofthe techniquesthis businessmanlikes toemploy.
3.Sometimes thelight ofthetruthis justtoo dazzling,so whiteliesareubiquitous.
4.Many womenin Americaprofess thatthey areunhappy withtheir statusassecond-class citizens.
5.On theimpulse ofthe moment,he blurtedout thesecret.
6.You shouldget ridof anyprejudice,resist temptationsand letnothing warpyourjudgment.
7.Being over-sensitive andimaginative,he oftenweaves atangled webin hismind.
8.He isvery popularamong hispeers ashe alwaystries tospare othersany trouble.III.Translatethefollowing passageinto Chinese.美国有调查表明，大多数人出于不同的原因、在不同程度上说过谎有时，他们说谎是为了让别人高兴比如装出积极的态度来肯定朋友或配偶，实际上他/她内心却没有如此认可有时，他们说谎是为了提升自己这种情况现在越来越普遍了有时，是为了避免伤害别人，当未加粉饰的实情难以接受的时候更是如此有人则把说谎看作一种必要的社交润滑剂不管怎么说，说谎都是为了掩饰实情关于说谎，不同的人有不同的观点有些人认为，假话，即便是看上去无害的假话，也可能带来预料不到的后果一个人说了第一个谎话之后，他就需要说更多的谎话来掩饰最初的谎话，最后会变成沉重的精神负担一位哲学家警告说，如果一个人说谎，他就（等于）把自己置于一个溜滑的斜坡上，因为他的心理障碍减轻了但是，另外一些人则认为，我们不必不惜一切代价去避免所有善意的谎言，因为一个善意的谎言可能仅仅是用牺牲信任而去换取关心和爱护而已对此你持什么观点呢？Exercises forintegrated skillsI.Dictation scriptChildhoodislessclear tome thanto manypeople:/when itended Iturned myface awayfromit/for noreason thatI knowabout,/certainly withoutthe usualreason ofunhappymemories./For manyyears thatworried me,/but thenI discovered/thatthetales offormerchildren areseldom to be trusted./Some peoplesupply toomany pastvictories orpleasures/with whichto comfortthemselves,/and otherpeople clingto pains,real andimagined,/toexcuse whatthey havebecome./I thinkI havealways knownabout mymemory./I knowwhenit istobetrusted/and whensome dreamor fantasyentered onthe life,/andthedream,theneed ofdream,/led todistortion ofwhat happened.IL Fillineachblankinthepassagebelow withONE wordyou thinkappropriate.1service2rather3off4are5advantage6much7relations8if9as10moral12truth11either。
个人认证
优秀文档
获得点赞 0
