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初二上册英语第二单元知识点归纳Unit2How oftendo youexercise知识点讲解
②since+时间段+ago”等时间短语提问,答语有in a week/month/year等how far多远,用来询问距离,答语常用“数字+miles/kilometersw等由how形成的特殊疑问词•基本用法由how形成的特殊疑问词很多,具体提问内容不同,主要有
1.how often提问事情发生的频率How oftendo we do this我们多长时间做一次这事quite full很忙,相当忙.拓展l.full还可译为“满的,充满的”EgThe buswas fullwhen theygot there.番羽译
2.full还可译为“饱的”EgI can t eatany more,I amquite full.我不能再吃了,我相当饱了【解析】full adj.忙的二busyadj.满的;充满的be fullof二be filled with充满This shelfis fullof/filled withbooks.—Help yourselfto somemore meat,Linda.A.I mfull,thanks B.It smy pleasureC.It doesn t matterD.Very well,thank youadj.full满的;充满的;充分的,充足的,完全的The glassis full.杯子满了full-time job全职工作•知识拓展常用短语be fullof二be filled with”充满的,富有的”This shelfis fullof/filledwithbooks.The roomis fullof people.We can t goin.房子里满是人,我们进不去反义词empty“空的”full adj.吃饱的;过饱的,其反义词是hungry,意为“饥饿的”Eg.Are youhungry orfull你饿了还是饱了?词义辨析fill/full
1.fill为及物动词,表“使……满”,常与介词with搭配,表达“被……充满”时用be filledwith结构如The bottleis filledwith water.这只瓶子装满了水He wasfilledwithjoy at the news.听到这个消息,他内心充满了喜悦
2.full是形容词,多作表语,表示主语所处的状态,常见于be fullof结构中如The schoolbagis fullof books.书包里装满了书注be filledwith=be fullof,但介词with与of不能混淆如The roomis fullof people.二The roomis filledwith people.
9、She sometimes goes shopping.她有时去购物【解析】shop
①n商店二store
②v购物go shopping去购物do someshopping购物I often go with my friendson weekends,shop【拓展】go+动词inggo swimming去游泳go skating去滑冰go fishing去钓鱼go boating去划船go hiking去远足go hunting去打猎一It sa fineday.How about一Sounds great!A.go hikingB.go tohike C.going hikingD.togo tohike【解析】sometimes为频度副词,意为“有时候”,多用于一般现在时或一般过去时中辨析sometimes,sometime,some time与some timesSometimes意为“有时”,可放于句首或句中(How often提问)Sometime表示在某个时间段内的某个时候,既可以表示过去某个时间也可以表示将来的某个时间(When提问)Some time名词性短语,意为“一些时间”,time是不可数名词,意为“时间”(How long提问)Some times表示“几次,time是可数名词,表示“次;次数”(How manytimes提问)Eg.Even friendssometimes disagree.即使是朋友,有时也会意见不合I hopeto seeyou againsometime nextyear.我希望明年的某个时候能再见到你Please giveme some time tored thispassage.请给我一些时间看这篇文章I havebeen to Beijing some times before.我以前去过北京几次
10、Howcome怎么会?怎么回事?How come是固定表达,意为“怎么回事?/怎么会?”表示某件事情很奇怪,有点想不通;可单独使用,也可引导一个问句,相当于疑问句why,但how come开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序How comeTom didnt come to the party=Why didnt Tomcome to theparty
11.I have dance and piano lessons.我要上舞蹈课和英语课have在此意为“上……课”Eg:They rehaving anEnglish lesson.他们正在上英语课扩展have lessons上课,Lesson One第一课
1.It ssunny today,What aboutplay tennis
13.I go to the movies maybeonce a month.我可能一月去看电影一次【解析】maybeadv.大概;或许;可能Eg.Maybe thatman isa policejnan.或许那人是警察maybe和may be副词,意为“或许;大Maybe he is atJims home.maybe概”,常位于句首表推测或许他在吉姆家由情态动词may和be构成,He may be right.may be意为“可能是、也许是”,他可能是对的C在句中作谓语[解析1]go to the movies=go to the cinema=see thefilm去看电影【解析2】maybe/may be辨析:1maybe=perhaps adv也许,可能,表示推测,通常用于句首,在句中作状语Li Huawants tobe anastronaut likeYang Liwei.A.May beB.May C.Also D.Maybe2maybe是“情态动词may+动词原形be,或许,可能是,也表示推测,在句中作谓语可以和maybe互换Tom s pen maybe in his backpack.=Maybe Tomspenis inhis backpackNowall of us exerciseat leasthour a day inand outsideschool.A.the;a B.a;an C./;a D./;an⑶although是连词,意为“虽然,尽管,即使”例如Although he is young,he knows a lot.虽然他很年轻,但是他知道很多【注意】although二though,汉语中可以说“虽然……,但是……”,但英语中although/though与but不能同时出现在同一个句子中
14.He playsat leasttwice a week.他至少一周踢足球两次【解析】least adv.最小;最少adj.pron.最少的;最小的,它是little的最高级Eg.He hasleast moneyof allofus.在我们所有人中他的钱最少She.works least.她工作最少We haveleast time.我们时间最少at least至少;不少于;起码,其反义短语为at most至多
15.On Wednesdayand Friday.在周三和周五【解析】介词at/in/on/for表示时间lat.表示某一具体时间点,某一时刻/年龄at sixo clockat noon at thattime at the momentat theage of at night2in表示时间段,一天的三个时间段以及月份,年,季节,世纪,人生的某个时期某人几十岁时In themorning/afternoon/evening inspring/in2007/in Marchin thetwenty-first centuryinhisfifties3on表示星期几/某一具体的日子/具体某天的上午/下午/晚上,表示一天中的三个时间段名词前有修饰语或后有修饰语时.On Mondayon NewYear sDay onSunday morningonarainy nightg.At leastheshould saythanks,他至少应该说声谢谢
16.“What syour favoriteprogram“It,s Animal World.”“你最喜欢什么节目?”“动物世界”【解析】favorite adj.最喜欢的二like.bestone s favorite+名词某人最喜欢的I favoritesubject isEnglish.----What syour favorite,Bob-------------------Cats.They reso lovely.A.plant B.job C.sport D.animal
17.I watch TV every day.我每天都看电视【解析】1every day每天二each day做状语,放在句末,对其提问用how oftenHeexercises every day.2everyday adj.每天的,作定语,修饰名词,放在名词之前everyday English日常英语
18.As forhomework,most studentsdo homeworkevery day.解析as for...意思是“至于;关于,常用于句首作状语,其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式即动名词如As forhim,I neverwant tosee himhere.至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到As for the story,youd better not believeit.关于为口故事,你最好不要相信As for myself,I don t want to gonow.至于我自己,我现在不想去oAs forthe man,I knownothing abouthim.至于那个人,我什么都不知道
19.They oftenhelp withhousework.他们经常帮忙做家务【解析】help v帮助f helpfuladj有帮助的help sb.to do sth=help sb.with sth帮助某人做某事help sb.with sth在某方面帮助某I oftenhelp mymother withhousework人on weekendshelpto do sth帮助某人做某事She wascoming to help cleanthemachine帮某人做某事help sb.to doMr.Wang helpedme torepair mysthbike.My momhelps medo my homework.1=My momhelps me withmyhomework.My teachers wordsarehelp to me.23A lotof vegetablescan help us in good.A.keep;health B.to keep;healthy C.keeping;healthD.keeps;health
20.一What kind of danceare youlearning你在学什么舞?一Swing dance摇摆舞【解析】kind1n种类kind of+adj.有点,有几分,kind ofcold有点冷a kind of一种的,某种的all kindsof各种各样的different kindsof不同种类的What kind of…?哪种…-What bowl of noodleswould you like,small,medium orlarge・-A largebowlofbeef noodles,please.A.color B.price C.size D.kind2adj.友好的be kindto sb.=be friendlyto sb.对某人友好Its kindyou help mewithmy English.A.of;to B.for;to C.of;forD.to;to【解析2】swing n秋千There isa kidplaying on the swing.v.摆动,荡秋千swing dance摇摆舞【记】s+wing翅膀f swing
21.no adj.1没有的二not any/not a/not anThere is nochalk on the teacher,s desk.=There is not achalk on theteacher sdesk.2no不要,禁止No swimming!禁止游泳No parking!禁止停车!No photos!禁止拍照!
①How aboutgoswimming
②一What abouta rest一OK!Let sgo fora walk.A.to haveB.had C.have D.having
23.How oftendo theystay uplate他们多久熬一次夜?【解析】stay up熬夜二sit up.stay up与stay uplate区另U1stay up“熬夜、不睡觉”如He stayedup allnight towrite hisstory.他熬了一整夜写他的小说2stay uplate“熬夜到很晚,迟睡”如Don tstay uplate nexttime.下次不要再熬夜很晚了stay athome呆在家里stay awayfrom远离If youstay up,you willbe tired.A.go tobed lateB.don t go tobed C.work hard D.sleep early
24.How oftendo youeat junk food你多久吃一次垃圾食品?【解析】junk food垃圾食品green food绿色食品natural food天然食品healthy food健康食品
25.频度副词【解析】频度副词表示经常性的动作或情况,常和一般现在时连用,表示现在经常或反复发生的动作,按其频率发生的高低分别是always总是;usually通常;often经常;sometimes有时;hardly ever几乎不;never从不对这些频度副词进行提问时,用特殊疑问词how often,意为“多久一次”Eg.They alwaysgo tothe parkby bus.他们〃总是乘公共汽车去公园Kate isoften late for school.凯特经常上学迟到I sometimes_watch TVprograms.对国线部分提问How oftendo youwatch TVprograms你多久看一次电视节目?
26.But mymother wantsme todrink it.但我妈妈想让我喝它want为及物动词,意为“想要”,其后接名词或动词不定式,相当于would like,但would like的语气更为委婉want sb.to do sth.=would like to do sth.意为“想让某人做某事”,否定形式为want sb.not to do sth.意为“不想让某人做某事”EgShe wantsmetobring himsome pens.她想让我给她带些钢笔拓展l.want sth.想要某物Do you want anystory books你想要些故事书吗?ask sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事help sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事
2.want to do sth.想要做某事I wantto visitmy uncle.我想去看望我的叔叔Do youwant tellme anything
3.be good at意为“擅长……”,后接名词、代词或v-ing形式.
2.how long提问事情持续时间的长短How longhave youhad it你有这个毛病有多久了?
3.how soon意为“还要多久”,是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或某动作发生这段时间提问常用在一般将来时态的句子中How sooncould youget backtome你多快能给我回话呢?
4.how fast提问多快How fastcan thiscar go这车能跑多快?
5.how many提问可数名词的数量多少But how many ofus achieveall thesegoals但是我们中有多少人实现了所有这些目标呢?
6.how much提问不可数名词的数量多少以及询问价钱;当询问价格时,后面一定是跟物品而非价格,如How muchare theshoesHow muchmoney do you owehim你该他多少钱?
7.how far提问距离多远How farcan youchunk apumpkin你能把一个南瓜扔多远呢?知识小总结:一
3.how0ften表示“多久一次”,是对动作的频率进行提问其回答通常有频率副词always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly ever,neverI mgoodatplaying chess.我擅长下象棋
4.be bad to对...态度不好,对…差劲He is badtome.他对我不友好
5.be badfor对…有害处.Reading in the sunisbadforyoureyes.太阳底下看书对眼睛不好
6.be bad at不善于,拙于She isbadatkeeping secrets.她不善于保守秘密_
①②They eatveryhealth.
③Mike isgoodfor ourhealth.
④I thinkeating morefood canhelpuskeep.A.health;healthy B.healthy;health C.healthy;healthy
28.How manyhours do you sleepevery night你每天晚上睡几个小时?【解析】how many和how muchhow many和how much都可以表示多少”,但how many后接可数名词复数,而how much后接不可数名词Eg.How manygirls canyou see你能看见多少个女孩?How muchmilk do youwant你想要多少牛奶?【拓展】词语词义用法答语特征how long多久询问时间多久for/about+一段时间how often多久一次询问动作的频率often,twice a week等how soonin一段时间多快,过多询问时间多快久how far多远ten minuteswalk询问距离多远how many多少询问可数名词数数词+可数名词复数量多少询问不可数名词数词+表示量的词+不数量可数名词how much多少询问价格数词+钱钱
30.Although manystudents liketo watchsports.虽然许多学生喜欢看体育节目【解析】al though二though conj虽然,即使;不能与but连用,引导让步状语从句.al though=though虽然〈不能与but连用〉如Although he is old,he is quite strong.He isold,but heis quitestrong.解析句子中,有although或though就不可再用but,但可用yet或still“仍然,还”;与之类似的情况有because就不能再用so.
①he isnt richenough,he oftengives awaymoney tosome poorchildren.A.Though B.When C.Because D.If
②heis very tried,he stilltries.A.Because;work B.Because;to workC.Although;working D.Although;to workmyfather isnt pleasedwith hisworking environment,he stillworks hard.A.And B.Although C.But D.Before
31、Here are the results.这是调查结果here位于句首,句子要倒装当主语是名词性短语时,要用全倒装,即“here+谓语+主语”;当主语是人称代词时,要用半倒装,即“here+主语+谓语”EgHere isyour jacket.这是你的夹克Here hecomes.他来到这儿Here comesthebus.汽车来了
32、.•••twenty percentstudents dont exerciseat all.•一百分之20的学生根本不锻炼
①.百分数由percent来表示,构成基数词+percent EgSeventy percentof the boys like playing computergames.男生中70%喜欢完电脑游戏
②not...at all意为“一点儿也不,根本不”用来加强否定语气EgI dont knowabout itat all.对那件事我一点也不知道拓展not atall=you arewelcome意为“不用谢,不客气”用于答谢的礼貌用语一Thank youfor allyour help.谢谢你的帮助—Not atall.别客气
33、.Although manystudents liketo watchsports,game showsarethemostpopular.尽管许多学生喜欢看运动类节目,但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的although连词意为“虽然,尽管“but意为“但是”英语中,although与but不能同时使用EgAlthough itrained,theboys still played outside.=It rained,but theboysstillplayedoutside.尽管天下雨了,但男孩们仍在外面玩耍
1.My cousinknowsa lot aboutgeography,heisonly fouryears old.A.because B.so C.although
34.Its goodto relaxby usingthe Internetor watching game shows,but wethinkthe bestway to relax isthrough exercise.尽管通过上网或观看游戏节目对放松很有好处,但是我们认为锻炼是最好的放松方式【解析】这是一个“It s+adj++todosth.”的句型结构,意为“做某事是……”其中it是形式主语,真正主语是动词不定式torelaxby usingthe Internetorwatchinggameshows;拓展:It s+adj.easy,difficult,important,necessary+for sb.to dosth.It s+adj+for sb.+to dosth.意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”该句中的形容词用于描述事物的特征,表客观情况,如difficult困难的,hard困难的,easy容易的EgIt svery importantto listencarefully inclass.上课认真听讲很重要It,s easyfor usto swim.对我们来说游泳很容易It s+adjkind,honest,friendly,+of sbto dosth.意为“某人做某事是…….”,该句中的形容词用于描述人物的品质,表主观情感和态度句型“It is+adj.+for sbto dosth.〃和“It is+adj.+of sbto dosth.区别〃两个句型中,for sb和of sb怎么区别,在使用时要注意adj是说明sb的品质特点的还是说明to dosth的就可以了.即说明sb的品质特点用of sb;说明to dosth用for sb.,简单一句话说就是说人的用of sb.;说事的用for sbo1for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,important,impossible等;如Its veryhard forhim tostudy twolanguages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的2of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,righto如It,svery nice of you tohelp me.你来帮助我,你真是太好了例It isdifficult forhim tofinish thetask within two hours,difficult说明完成任务难It iskindofyou tohelpme.kind说明你善良By在此处表示方式、方法、手段,意为“凭借;靠;用;通过”其后通常接名词或动名词,作方式状语,可放在句首也可放在句末By作为介词用法by+交通工具乘….by+时间在….之前,至U….为止by+地点在…..旁边;靠近•••..
35、Although manystudents liketo watchsports.虽然许多学生喜欢看体育节目【解析】al though二though conj虽然,即使;不能与but连用,引导让步状语从句【解析】through+手段、媒介“以,凭借,穿过by+ving/工具名词【辨析】through/across1through”从……中经过”,强调动作发生在立体空间,指从物体的空间内部穿过,如门、窗、洞、森林等2across“横越,穿过”,指从表面走过或从一边到另一边
①he isnt richenough,he oftengives awaymoney tosomepoor children.A.Though B.When C.Because D.If
②heisvery tried,he stilltries.A.Because;workB.Because;to workC.Although;working D.Although;to workacross/along/over/through/past这些词均有“横过、穿过”之意across指“从……的一边到另一边,强调横过,多与动态动词连用along指沿着一条直线在水平方向上运动一般表动态,有时也与静态动词连用over常和动态动词连用,指“从……上面越过”或“横越”;表静态时,指“在彼处”through侧重从一端穿到另一端past(时间、数量等)过;通过,经过;(范围、程度、能力等)超过She walkedacross thefloor andlay downonthebed.她走过地板躺在了床上Pedro walkedalong thestreet alone.佩德罗独自一人沿着这条街走The planeis flyingover thebridge.飞机正在从桥上飞过The carslushed throughthe village.汽车在泥泞中穿过了村庄The boyswalked pastour house.孩子们走过我们的房子Some ofhis poemsare pastcomprehension.他的某些诗作无法理解
(1)such as”例如,像……一样”常常列举同类人或物中的几个例子,放在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间I likeall kindsof sportssuch asrunningand swimming.2for example一般只列举同类人或物中的“一个“,做插入语,位于句首、句中或句末such as/such…as…
1.such as是短语连词,意为〃诸如〃,〃例如〃,引出的是such前面的词的同位语John likesto makefurniture,suchaschairs andtables.约翰喜欢做家具,如桌子和椅子之类
2.such…as…意为〃像……那样的〃,〃如……之类的〃such之后可跟可数名词,也可跟不可数名词名词前还可以加其他形容词作修饰语I wantto buysuch booksas areabout scienceand technology.我想买有关科技方面的书Dont readsuch booksasyou cantunderstand.【解析2】spend/pay/cost/take花费动词主语宾语句型结构spend人时间或金sb.spend•••on sth/in钱doing sthpay人金钱pay….forcost物金钱sth costsb.some moneytakeit时间It takessb..to dosth・重点
②spend time\moneyin doing sth.花费时间或金钱做某事Don tspend too much time watching TV.不要花费太多时间看电视He alwaysspend histime playingfootball.Eg:I enjoyplaying computergames,but I canttoomuchtime that.A.take,doing B.spend,doing\C.spend,for doingD.take,to do
37.And remember,“old habitsdie hard”.请记住“旧习惯是很难振弃的”【解析】die v.消失;消灭;死亡
(1)作“死亡”讲,是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态,强调动作,是瞬间动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用Eg.His grandfatherdied fiveyears ago.他祖父五年前去世的
(2)die可以用于进行时态,表示“即将死去,奄奄一息”Eg.He isdying.他快要死了dead死的,是die的形容词形式可作表语或定语作表语时,表示状态Eg.His doghas beendead for two weeks.他的狗已死了两周了death死亡,是die的名词形式Eg.His mothersdeath madehim verysad.他母亲的去世使他非常难过die/dead/death
1.die是不及物动词,一般指因生病,负伤等原因而死且是非延续性动词(瞬间动词),不能和表示一段时间的状语(for+段时间短语;或since……)连用He wasborn in1847and diedin
1913.他生于1847年,死于1913年His grandfatherhas beendead fortwo years.=His grandfatherdied twoyearsago.他爷爷去世两年了
2.dead是形容词,表状态,可在句中作表语和定语但不可作谓语He isdead,but hisname stilllives forever inour hearts.他虽然死了但他的名字将永远活在我们心中
3.death是抽象名词,只能在句中作主语或宾语The murdererwas sentencedtodeath.杀人犯被宣判死刑【解析】remember v记住,记得remember to dosth记得去做某事(事情还未做)remember doingsth记得做过某事(事情已做).Kate,remember forthe sickto cheerthem up.A.to singB.not tosing C.singing
38.However,she hassome badhabits,too.然而,她也有一些坏习惯•基本用法adv.however然而,可是,常用于句中,前后有逗号,有时也用于句首或句末I dliketo go withyou,however,my handsare full.我想和你一起去,然而我忙不过来•知识拓展词义辨析but/however二者均含“但是,可是,然而,而”之意but口语常用词,语气较强,泛指与前述情况相反however表转折关系,语气稍弱于but,连接性也弱一些,因而常作插入语,however后通常加逗号拓展【解析】however adv.然而;不过.He saidthat itwas so;he waswrong,however他说事情是这样的,但是他错了however和but二者都有“然而;但是”之意,具体用法不同however副词,可以放在句首、句中或句末,置于句中时,前后通常用逗号隔开.He wantedto go totheshopping mall,however,he didntgo atlast.他想去购物中心,但最后还是没去but并列连词,常常在句中,引导一个表示转折关系的并列句.Mike isyoung,but hecan do it well.迈克虽然年龄小,但是他能做好那件事however adv.无论如何;不管怎样,相当于no matterhow.However difficultit is,I wantto havea try.=No matterhow difficultit is,I wantto havea try.不管多么难,我都想试一试toadv.也,常用于肯定句末尾,前用逗号;也可作为插入语放在句中,前后均有逗号在简略答语里,t常用于宾格人称代词后.You,too,can doit.你也可以做一I wantto exercise.我想锻炼一Me,too.我也想too,also和either三者都有“也”的意思,但所放位置及所处的句式不同how often次数十时间段如once ortwice a weekevery+时间段every day(每天)区别everyday(每天的;日常的)注意表示“一次或两次”时,一般用once和twice表示如once a month(一个月一次)而表示“三次或以上”时,则用“数词+times”结构如five timesa year(一年五次)4)由how构成的疑问词组的用法how many+可数名词复数如how manyprograms1--------how much+不可数名词如how muchcoffee多少”6G但how much=what,s theprice of..还有“多少钱”的意思如How muchare thosepants2how manytimes:多少次.three其答语表示次数如once,twice,times等3How old...询问年龄如:How oldare youI amfive.(4|多久(时间)常用fortwodays,for threehours?how long…”依「斤等回磊-----------------多长(某物的长度)如------How longis theriver10kms.5how soon用来询问过多久,多久以后,其答语是intwohours,in threedays等如How soonwil hecome backIn anhour【解析】exercise v锻炼=do sports=play sports【短语】take/have/do exercise做运动do morning exercise做早操do eyeexercise做眼保健操【拓展】exercise作名词时,意为“锻炼;运动”时是不可数名词,意为“体操;I shouldeat lessfood andtake moreexercise.练习”时是可数名词例如:我应该少吃饭,多锻炼We domorningexerciseevery morning.我们每天早上都晨练
2.help withhousework帮助做家务1help with sth.意为“帮助做某事”拓展help sb.with sth.=help sb.too常放在肯定句末尾I likesurfing theInternet,too.我也喜欢上网also常放在肯定句中,系动词、助动词或情态动词后,实义动词前I alsolikeplaying volleyball.我也喜欢打排球either常放在否定句末尾He didntgo skateboarding,either.他也没去滑滑板
39.She usuallywatches TVfor more than twohours aday.她通常——天看两个多小时的电视•基本用法
1.more than表示“超过,多于,相当于overHis fatherismore than/over fifty.他的爸爸50多岁了
2.more than表示“不仅”She ismore than a teacher.She isalso asister.她不仅是一位老师,还是一个姐姐,知识拓展—词义辨析not more than/no more than
1.no more than只是;仅仅I amno more than avisitor.我只是一个旁观者
40.She saysshe isafraid.她说她害怕【解析】afraid adj”担心的,害怕的“
①.be afraidto dosth害怕做某事,(强调主观上的原因不去做)EgI amafraidto travelby plane.我害怕乘飞机旅行_®.be afraid of doingsth害怕做某事(强调为担心出现的状况或结果,是客观造成的而不敢去做)Don tbe afraidof askingquestions.不要怕问问题be afraidof sb.\sth.害怕某人某物EgShe isafraidofthe dog.她害怕那只狗be afraidto dosth.=害怕做某
41.Less thansix.少于6小时less than少于,不到,其反义词为morethan\over”多余,超过“Fiveis less than seven.5比7小She sleepsless thanseven hoursevery night.他每晚的睡眠时间不到7小时•知识拓展一词义辨析no less than/not lessthan
1.no lessthan不少于;多达;正如There wereno lessthanathousand peopleatthe meeting.到会的有一千人之多(有“到会人多”的含义)This songisnoless popularthan thatone.这首歌之受欢迎不亚于那首歌(有“两首歌都受欢迎”的含义)
2.not lessthan至少There werenot lessthanonethousand peopleatthemeeting.到会的至少有一千人(没有“到会人多或人少”的含义)This songis notless popularthan thatone.这首歌受欢迎的程度不比那首差(纯粹比较不一定有“两首歌都受欢迎”的含义)42What do you think of sth=How doyoulikesth你认为……怎么样?()doyouthinkofyour newschoolA.What B.How C.Why D.Which
43.What doesthe writerthink isthe bestway torelax作者认为最好的放松方式是什么【解析】the bestway to dosth做某事最好的方法What sthe bestway keep healthy【拓展】lose one’s way迷路make one s way去,前进ontheway to…在去.......的路上by theway顺便问一下in theway在某种程度上
44.You have to learnmore abouthealthy habits.你必须学习更多关于健康习惯的东西【解析】must/have to必须lmust强调主观看法,无时态变化情态动词,后跟动词原形I mustdomyhomeworkbefore Igo out.[拓展】must提问的句子,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn t.一Must wetake outthe trashnow一You candoitafter class.・A.Yes,you must B.No,youcant C.Yes,you mayD.No,you neednt2haveto强调客观需要,有时态和人称的变化,第三人称单数形式为has to,过去式为had toI havetogo to ameeting.We musthard every week.A.study B.studying C.Studies.We usemobile phoneswhen theplane takesoff.A.may notB.shouldn tC.needn,t D.mustn t一Lingling,can I use youre-dictionary・一Sure,but youreturn itafter class.A.mustB.can C.mayD.would
45.【解析】mind n头脑;心智v介意;担心;关心_【短语】make upone s mind下决心change one,smind改变主意never mind不必担心/没关系keep in ones mind记住【句型】一Do/Would youmind(ones)doing,,,你介意(某人)做某事吗?一Not atall/Of coursenot/Certainly not(表同意)一You dbetternot/I mafraid Ido(表示不同意)
47.Jane hasa lotof goodhabits.简有很多好习惯【解析】a lotof=lots of许多,大量a lotof+可数名词复数二manya lotof+不可数名词二much()
①Thereisa lotof snowin thenorth ofChina inwinter.()
②The studentshave lotsof homeworkto doevery day.A.many B.much C.a lot
48.He usuallywatches TV.他通常看电视•基本用法vt.watch观看;注视(过去式watched过去分词:watched现在分词watching第三人称单数:watches)watch TV“看电视”They spenta greatdeal oftimewatchingtelevision.他们很多时间都看电视了•知识拓展词义辨析look/watch/read/seesee看见,表结果look看,表动作,不及物动词,后面需加介词at才可能跟宾语watch看(比赛,电视)read看书,报,表示阅读49what/how about(doing)sth.•基本用法这个句型常用来(询问其他人的情况),意为...怎么样?”,其后可接名词或动名词形式I likeplayingvolleyball.What aboutyou我喜欢打排球你呢?该句型还可以用于提出建议What aboutgoing fora walkafter dinner晚饭后散步怎么样?单词housework[hao sw3k]n.家务劳动hardly fha:dli]adv.几乎不;几乎没有ever fevs(r)]adv.在任何时候;从来;曾经hardly ever几乎从不once[]adv.一次;曾经WADStwice[twai s]adv.两倍;两次Internet[i ntsnet]n.(国际)互联网;因特网program fprao grasm]n.(二programme)节目;程序;课程;节目单full[fu1]adj.忙的;满的;充满的swing[swi o]n.摇摆;秋千v.(使)摆动;摇摆swing dance摇摆舞maybe fmei bi]adv.或许;也许;可能least[list]adv.最小;最少adj.pron.最小的;最少的at least至少;不少于;起码junk[d3Ar|k]n.无用的东西;无价值的东西junk foodn.垃圾食品coffee Uknfi]n.咖啡;咖啡色health[hel0]n.健康;人的身体(或精神)状态result[ri JzAlt]n.结果;后果percent[paJ sent]n.(=per cent)百分之..online[ir)n,lai n]adj.adv.在线(的);联网(的)television[teli vign]n.电视机;电视节目although[o:r dsu]conj.虽然;尽管;即使through[9ru:]prep.以;凭借;穿过mind[mai nd]n.头脑;心智body fbndi]n.身体such[sAtJ1]adj.pron.这样的;那样的;类似的suchas例如;像.......这样together[la gede(r)]adv.在一起;共同die[dai]v.消失;灭亡;死亡writer frai ts(r)]n.作者;作家dentist dentist]n.牙科医生magazine fmsegezin]n.杂志;期刊however[hau Jeve(r)]adv.然而;不过than[dan]prep.conj.(用以引出比较的第二部分)比morethan多于almost[oImeu st]adv.几乎;差不多none[nAn]pron,没有一个;毫无less[les]adv.较少;较小adj.较少的;更少的;lessthan少于point[po int]n.得分;点Claire/klee/克莱尔(女名)Sue/su:/休(女名)American Teenager/*tinei dgs(r)/《美国青少年》(文中为虚构的杂志名称)重点短语归纳
1.go tothemovies=gotothe cinema去看电影
2.look after=take careof照顾
3.surf theinternet上网
4.healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
5.go skateboarding去滑滑板watch TV看电视
6.keephealthy=stay healthy=keep ingood health保持健康keep+形容词,”表保持某种状态”do somereading阅读
7.exercise=take/do muchexercise=do sports锻炼
8.eating habit饮食习惯
9.take moreexercise做更多的运动
10.be thesame as与什么相同
11.once amonth一月一次
12.be differentfrom不同
13.twice a week一周两次.three timesaweek一周三次
14.make adifference to对什么有影响如As teachers,you mustbelieve thatyoucanmake adifference tothelives ofyour students.身为教师,你们必须坚信你们能够影响学生的一生如A falsestep willmake agreat differenceto myfuture.错走——步对我的前程来说会产生很大影响
15.how often多久一次,询问动作发生的频率how manytimes多少次,用来提问做某事的次数
16.al though=though虽然〈不能与but连用〉
17.most ofthe students=most students大多数学生
18.shop=go shopping=do someshopping购物
19.as for至于
20.activity survey活动调查
21.do homework做家庭作业
22.do housework做家务事
23.eat lessmeat吃更少的肉
24.junkfood垃圾食物
25.be goodfor对什么有益
26.be badfor对什么有害
27.wantto dosth想做某事
28.want sbto dosth想某人做某事
29.try todosth尽量做某事
30.come homefrom school放学回家
31.of course=certainly=sure当然
32.get goodgrades取得好成绩
33.some advice一些建议some advice中的advice是不可数名词a pieceof advice一贝!J建议give advice提出建议take ones advice采纳或听从某人的建议
34.help sbtodosth帮助某人做某事二help sbwith sth
35.alotof vegetables=many vegetables许多蔬菜
36.hardly=almost not几乎不hardly ever很少,几乎不,从不
37.keep/be ingoodhealth保持健康
38.your favoriteprogram你最喜欢的节目
39.AnimalWorld动物世界
40.play soccer踢足球
41.every day每天
42.once ortwice aweek每周一两次
43.three orfour timesaweek每周三四次
44.at GreenHigh School在格林高中
45.all students所有的学生
46.most students大多数学生
47.some students一些学生
48.no students没有学生
49.the resultofasurvey调查结果
50.the resultfor watchTV”看电视”的调查结果
51.improve yourEnglish提高你的英语
52.drink milk喝牛奶
53.pretty healthy相当健康pretty,adv.相当,非常Pretty(用作副词时)二rather=very=quite非常,相当
54.kindof=a little有点I thinkI mkindofunhealthy.我想我有点不健康
55.on weekends在周末
56.ask sb.about sth.就某事询问某人
57.by doingsth.通过做某事
58.go online去上网
59.the answertothequestion问题的答案
60.stay uplate熬夜
61.the bestway todosth.做某事的最好方式
62.at leasttwice aweek一周至少2次
63.suchas比如;诸如
64.lessthan少于《-----》morethan多于
65.hardly ever几乎从不
66.swing dance摇摆舞
67.gotobed early早点睡觉
68.inones freetime在某人的业余时间
69.help withhousework帮忙做家务
70.old habitsdie hard积习难改
71.play tennis打网球
72.havedanceandpianolessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课
73.go shopping=do someshopping购物
74.spend timewith sb.和某人一起度过时光
75.spend time/money onsth.在某方面花费时间或金钱
76.spend time/money indoingsth.花费时间或金钱做某事
77.sometimes=at times有时
78.help withhousework帮助做家务todosth.帮助某人做某事Eg:I oftenhelp himwith hisEnglish.=I oftenhelp himto learnEnglish.我经常帮他学习英语2housework意为“家务劳动”不可数名词•基本用法n.housework家务事,是不可数名词,do housework相当于do choresoSheoften helpsher parentsdo housework.她经常帮助父母做家务•知识拓展—相关单词homework n.家庭作业do oneshomework做家庭作业He usuallydoes hishomework at6:00o clockevery day.他每天六点做作业
1.They havehousework todo.A.many B.much
3、What doyou usuallydo on weekends你在周末做什么?“I usuallyplay soccer.我通常踢足球”解析第一个do为助动词,在这起帮助构成疑问的作用;而第二个do则是实义动词Eg1What doyou usuallydo on weekends Ioftengotothemovies.Eg2What doesshe usuallydoonweekends Shesometimesgohiking.【解析1】频度副词意思频度always总是,一直,100%usually通常,经常90%often常常,经常70%习惯用法、搭配
1.help sb.withsth帮助某人做某事
2.How about+n./v.ing=What about---….怎么样/….好不好?
3.want sb.todosth.想让某人做某事
4.How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句….有多少…..
5.主语+find+that从句…发现…
6.It s+adj.+todosth.做某事是….的
7.spendtimewith sb.和某人一起度过时光
8.asksb.about sth.向某人询问某事
9.by doingsth.通过做某事
11.start doingsth.开始做某事
12.the bestwaytodosth.做某事的最好方式
13、leave for…动身去某地语法归纳频度副词
1.概念频度副词是用来表示动作发生频率的词,常用来表示不确定时间,主要包括always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly,ever,never等,如果表示具体频度次数,可采用次数加单位时间例如once aweek一周一次twice amonth每月两次如He hardlynever exercises.他几乎从不锻炼注意表示具体的次数、频率时,一次用once,两次用twice,三次及以上用“基数词+times”表示如I playsoccer twice aweek.我每周踢两次足球She watchesTV fourtimesaweek.她每周看四次电视
2.在句中的位置1)一般放在实义动词前,be动词、助动词、情态动词之后如We nevereat junkfood.我们从来不吃垃圾食品I canhardly saya word.我几乎说不出一句话来He issometimes verybusy.他有时彳艮忙2)有些频度副词也可位于句首,但表示不同的含义
①simetimes常用于句首,和位于句中区别不大如Sometimes Jackplays computergames.
②often用于句首时,通常表示强调,且其前一般有quite,veiry修饰如Very oftenhe goesonline.他上网很经常
③usually有时也可用于句首,其前不用修饰语如Usually myfather getsup early.
④always一般不用于句首,但可用于祈使句中如Always rememberthis.请时刻记住这一点3)对频度副词提问时,用特殊疑问词how ofteno如--How oftendoyouexerxise--Hardly ever.几乎从不频度副词意思频度always总是,一直,100%usually通常,经常90%often常常,经常70%sometimes有时,不时40%hardly ever几乎从不5%never从不,决不0%【拓展】一般现在时
1.概念一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理一般现在时常以动词原形表示,但当主语是第三人称单数时,动词词尾加-s或-es
2.时间状语always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweekday,year,month***,oncea week,on Sundays,基本结构
①be动词;am/is/are Sheis anengineer.
②行为动词动词原形、第三人称单数He hasbreakfast at6:00everyday.a一般现在时通常与always,often,usually,everyday,sometimes,oncea week等时间状语连用I alwayswatchTVat8:00in theevening.They gohome once aweek.We usuallydo ourhomework athome.b表客观现实或普遍真理The sunalways risesin theeast.The lighttravels fasterthan thesound.c表永远性的动作或状态He livesinthecountry.
4.否定形式:
①am/i形are+not;
5.一般疑问句
①把be动词放于句首;
②Do/Does+…+动词原形+…?
6.第三人称单数变化形式1一般情况动词在词尾加-s.come----comes speak-----speaks work----workslive----lives2)以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的单词在词后加-es.do----does go----goes finish----finishesbrush----brushesfix----fixes pass----passes watch----watches3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词变y为i加-es.Study----studies carry-carries cry----cries4)以“元音字母+y”结尾的单词直接加-s.p1ay plays stay---stays•定义一般现在时可以表示
1.表示习惯经常的动作
2.表示客观真理
3.表示心理活动和感官动作
4.表示格言警句
5.表示现在的动作状态
6.表示解说和故事•用法一般现在时的句型结构
1.肯定结构主+am/is/are+其他;主+情态动词+动词原形+其他;主+实意动词+其他
2.否定结构主+am/is/are+not+其他;主+情态动词+not+动词原形+其他;主+do/does+not+实意动词原形+其他
3.一般疑问句结构Does/Do+主语+实意动词原形+其他?Is/Are+主语+其他?情态动词原形+主语+动词原形+其他?肯定回答Yes,sb+be/助/情;否定回答No,sb+be/助/情sometimes=at times有时,不时40%几乎从不5%hardly ever=almost notnever从不,决不0%规律总结
1.这些副词在句子中的位置基本相同,一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前
2.hardly和never均为否定副词,有二者的句子不需再加no或not构成否定,因其本身就是否定句
3.就这些表示拼读的副词提问时,常用how often【拓展】some time/sometime/some times/sometimes【口诀】分开是一段,合起是某时;分开S是倍次,合起S是某时1some time一段时间,做时间状语It takessb sometime todosth做某事花费某人多长时间sometime adv在某个时候,I hopeto visitthe USAinthefuture.A.sometimes B.some timesC.sometime D.sometime3some times名词词组,“几次,几倍”sometimes=at times有时一般现在时的标志词—doyouwriteanEnglish articleforourschool newspaper一Sometimes.A.How longB.How oftenC.How muchD.How far【解析2】we解end/weekday辨析单词意思范围weekend周末周
六、周日weedday工作日周一至周五【解析】onweekends=on Saturdayand Sunday在周末on weekdays=from MondaytoFriday在工作日The teachersnever arrivelateforwork fromMonday toFriday.A.on weekdaysB.onweekendsC.everydayD.five timesaweek.辨析sometimes,some times,sometime,some timesometimes是频度副词,意为“有时;间或”,表示动作发生的频率,相当于at times提问常用于一般现在时与一般过去时提问用how oftensometimes是名词短语,意为“几倍、几次time作可数名词时可作“次数”解;表示时间”时是不可数名词How mangtimessometime某个时候可指过去或将来的某个时候提问用whensome time一段时间常与for连用对它提问用how long口诀记忆分开“一段时间”;相聚“某个时候”EgSometimes Iget upvery late.有时我起床很晚I willgotoshanghai sometimenext week.下周某个时候我要去上海He readsthe storysometimes.他读这个故事几遍了I11stay herefor sometime.我将会在这儿呆一段时间练习
①We planto stayin Hainanfor.我们打算在海南呆一段时间
②I amsure thatwe havemet before.我肯定我们之前见过几次了
③I haveletters fromhim.有时我会收到他的来信
4.Hardly ever几乎从不【解析】hard1adv努力地,猛烈地work hard努力工作study hard努力学习2adj.困难的,艰难的二difficultIt,s hard/difficult forsbtodosth做某事对某人来说是困难的♦It shard forus finishthe workwithout others help.【拓展】hardly adv”几乎不,从来不”,表否定意义,常与can,any,ever连用I canhardly believeit.It sraining.People cango out.A.hard;hardly B.hardly;hard C.hard;hardD.hardly;hardly【注】形容雨雪下的大用hard/heavy辨析hard/hardly
1.hard可充当形容词和副词两种角色1用作形容词有“硬的”,“困难的、艰难的”的意思其中用作“难的”讲时,在口语中与difficult通用The problemis toohard,Ican,t workit out.这个问题太难了,我算不出来2用作副词,意为“努力地、刻苦地”,“猛烈地”,hard用作“猛烈地”讲时,同heavily相同He workshard onlybefore exams.他只在考试前努力学习It.is raininghard outside.You can,tgoout.外面正下着大雨你不能出去
2.hardly只用作副词,意思是“几乎不”、“仅仅”、“才”,表示否定概念,常和any连用hardly any相当于almost nonot hardly是具有否定o意味的词,它不能再与其它否定词一起连用,在由它构成的反意疑问句中,尾句的疑问式须用肯定式Hardly anybodyAlmost nobodycame tothemeeting.几乎没有人来开会hardly几乎不,一般位于动词之前hard努力,位于动词之后egHe hardlyworks.他几乎不工作He workshard,他工作努力
5.use theInternet用互联网use sth.todosth.用某物做某事egIusea knifeto cutbread.我用刀切面包短语ontheInternet在网上,surf theInternet网上冲浪,上网
6.What syour favoriteprogram你最喜欢的节目是什么?句型:What syour favorite...=What...doyoulike best你最喜欢的.是什么?
1.Whats your favorite animal你最喜欢的动物是什么?=【解析】favorite adj.最喜欢的=like•••..bestone,sfavorite+名词某人最喜欢的I favoritesubject isEnglish.----------------------What syourfavorite,Bob-----------------Cats.They resolovely.A.plant B.job C.sport D.animal
6.Are youfree next week你下周有空吗?free意为“空闲的,有空的,反义词busybe free意为“闲着,有空”eg:He isfree now.他现在有空拓展free还可译为“免费的”EgThe ticketsare free.票是免费的【解析】free
①adj.空闲的be free=have time有时间
②adj.自由的,免费的be freetodosth随心所欲的做某事
7.twiceaweek一周两次【解析】英语中,once表示“一次,twice表示“两次”,从三次或三次以上通常用“基数词+times”表示,time在这里是可数名词,意为“次数”,复数形式直接加“s,如:“六次s次times,“十次”tentimes•知识拓展--其他用法
1.once作时间副词,once upona time“从前”,多用在过去时中;介词短语at once意为“立刻、马上”
2.用于状语从句中,表示“一旦……如Once thesun hadset,the airturned cold.太阳一落,空气就变冷了
3.就“次/倍数”名词提问用howmanytimes,就“次数+a+week/month等”提问用how ofteno
4.twice以及“基数词+times”还表示倍数,即“两倍或几倍”2)表示“……几次”的表达方法是onceaday/aweek/amonth/a yeartwiceaday/aweek/amonth/a year
8.Hmm...nextweekisquitefull forme,Jack.□母下周我很忙,杰克。
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