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虚拟语气经典测试题及答案
一、单选题
1.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoher.A.amB.wereC.beD.was(2分)【答案】B【解析】在虚拟语气中,与现在事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用过去式或“were”
2.Hadhestudiedharder,he______passedtheexam.A.wouldB.willC.wouldhaveD.had(2分)【答案】C【解析】与过去事实相反的假设,主句用“wouldhave+过去分词”
3.IfonlyI______moretime,Icouldhavehelpedyou.A.hadB.haveC.hadhadD.wouldhave(2分)【答案】C【解析】与过去事实相反的假设,用“ifonly+过去式或haddone”
4.Shewishesshe______acar.A.hasB.haveC.hadD.having(2分)【答案】C【解析】与现在事实相反的假设,用“wishes+过去式”
5.IfI______you,Iwouldnothavemadethatmistake.A.amB.wereC.beD.was(2分)【答案】B【解析】与现在事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用过去式或“were”
6.Ifthey______earlier,theywouldhavecaughtthetrain.A.hadleftB.leftC.leaveD.wouldleave(2分)【答案】A【解析】与过去事实相反的假设,主句用“wouldhave+过去分词”
7.IfI______rich,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.A.amB.wereC.beD.was(2分)【答案】B【解析】与现在事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用过去式或“were”
8.Ifonlyshe______morecarefully,shewouldnthavefailedthetest.A.hadstudiedB.studiedC.studyD.wouldstudy(2分)【答案】A【解析】与过去事实相反的假设,用“ifonly+过去式或haddone”
9.IfI______you,Iwouldhavetoldherthetruth.A.amB.wereC.beD.was(2分)【答案】B【解析】与过去事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用过去式或“were”
10.Ifit______finetomorrow,wewillgotothepark.A.isB.wereC.beD.was(2分)【答案】B【解析】与现在事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用过去式或“were”
二、多选题(每题4分,共20分)
1.以下哪些句子使用了虚拟语气?()A.IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologize.()B.Ifshehadstudiedharder,shewouldhavepassedtheexam.()C.Ifonlyheknewtheanswer.()D.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.()E.IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldtraveltheworld.()【答案】A、B、C、E【解析】选项A、B、C、E使用了虚拟语气,而选项D是陈述语气
三、填空题
1.IfI______abird,Iwouldflyinthesky.【答案】were(4分)
2.Ifonlyshe______moretime,shecouldhavefinishedtheproject.【答案】had(4分)
3.IfI______rich,Iwouldhelpthepoor.【答案】were(4分)
4.Ifthey______earlier,theywouldhavecaughtthetrain.【答案】hadleft(4分)
5.Ifonlyhe______thetruth,hewouldnthavebeenfired.【答案】hadtold(4分)
四、判断题
1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologize.这句话使用了虚拟语气()(2分)【答案】(√)【解析】这句话是与现在事实相反的假设,使用了虚拟语气
2.Ifshehadstudiedharder,shewouldhavepassedtheexam.这句话使用了虚拟语气()(2分)【答案】(√)【解析】这句话是与过去事实相反的假设,使用了虚拟语气
3.Ifonlyheknewtheanswer.这句话使用了虚拟语气()(2分)【答案】(√)【解析】这句话是与现在事实相反的假设,使用了虚拟语气
4.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.这句话使用了虚拟语气()(2分)【答案】(×)【解析】这句话是陈述语气,不是虚拟语气
5.IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldtraveltheworld.这句话使用了虚拟语气()(2分)【答案】(√)【解析】这句话是与现在事实相反的假设,使用了虚拟语气
五、简答题
1.简述虚拟语气的三种类型及其用法(5分)【答案】虚拟语气分为三种类型
(1)与现在事实相反的假设,从句用过去式或“were”,主句用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”
(2)与过去事实相反的假设,从句用“had+过去分词”,主句用“would/should/could/might+have+过去分词”
(3)与将来情况可能性不大的假设,从句用“should+动词原形”或“weretodo”,主句用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”
六、分析题
1.分析以下句子的虚拟语气用法IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.Ifshehadstudiedharder,shewouldhavepassedtheexam.Ifonlyheknewtheanswer.(10分)【答案】
(1)IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.这句话是与现在事实相反的假设,使用了虚拟语气从句中的“were”代替了“was”,表示与现在事实相反的假设主句中的“wouldfly”表示如果我是鸟,我会飞翔
(2)Ifshehadstudiedharder,shewouldhavepassedtheexam.这句话是与过去事实相反的假设,使用了虚拟语气从句中的“hadstudied”表示如果她过去学习更努力,主句中的“wouldhavepassed”表示她就会通过考试
(3)Ifonlyheknewtheanswer.这句话是与现在事实相反的假设,使用了虚拟语气从句中的“knew”表示如果他知道答案,主句省略了,但隐含的意思是他不知道答案
七、综合应用题
1.请你用虚拟语气编写三个不同类型的句子,分别表示与现在事实相反的假设、与过去事实相反的假设、与将来情况可能性不大的假设(20分)【答案】
(1)与现在事实相反的假设IfIwereateacher,Iwouldteachmystudentswithenthusiasm.(如果我是老师,我会充满热情地教我的学生)
(2)与过去事实相反的假设Ifshehadknownthedeadline,shewouldhavesubmittedthereportontime.(如果她知道截止日期,她就会准时提交报告)
(3)与将来情况可能性不大的假设Ifitweretoraintomorrow,wewouldcancelthepicnic.(如果明天下雨,我们会取消野餐)---标准答案
一、单选题
1.B
2.C
3.C
4.C
5.B
6.A
7.B
8.A
9.B
10.B
二、多选题
1.A、B、C、E
三、填空题
1.were
2.had
3.were
4.hadleft
5.hadtold
四、判断题
1.(√)
2.(√)
3.(√)
4.(×)
5.(√)
五、简答题
1.虚拟语气分为三种类型
(1)与现在事实相反的假设,从句用过去式或“were”,主句用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”
(2)与过去事实相反的假设,从句用“had+过去分词”,主句用“would/should/could/might+have+过去分词”
(3)与将来情况可能性不大的假设,从句用“should+动词原形”或“weretodo”,主句用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”
六、分析题
1.
(1)IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.这句话是与现在事实相反的假设,使用了虚拟语气从句中的“were”代替了“was”,表示与现在事实相反的假设主句中的“wouldfly”表示如果我是鸟,我会飞翔
(2)Ifshehadstudiedharder,shewouldhavepassedtheexam.这句话是与过去事实相反的假设,使用了虚拟语气从句中的“hadstudied”表示如果她过去学习更努力,主句中的“wouldhavepassed”表示她就会通过考试
(3)Ifonlyheknewtheanswer.这句话是与现在事实相反的假设,使用了虚拟语气从句中的“knew”表示如果他知道答案,主句省略了,但隐含的意思是他不知道答案
七、综合应用题
1.
(1)与现在事实相反的假设IfIwereateacher,Iwouldteachmystudentswithenthusiasm.(如果我是老师,我会充满热情地教我的学生)
(2)与过去事实相反的假设Ifshehadknownthedeadline,shewouldhavesubmittedthereportontime.(如果她知道截止日期,她就会准时提交报告)
(3)与将来情况可能性不大的假设Ifitweretoraintomorrow,wewouldcancelthepicnic.(如果明天下雨,我们会取消野餐)。
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